DEPARTMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION (33)

Maribel León, Director

Faculty: Annie Alcázar, Isabel Armstrong, Wilda Delestre, Sister Lydia Pérez, Zaida Díaz,
                        Dra. Evangelina Rivera, Elsa Torres, Ada Vázquez

Part-time faculty: Ivelisse Bonilla, María Cabrera, Dr. Roberto Cruz, Mirta Figueroa,
                              Petra garay, Olga González, Dra. Adalecia Hassell, Manuel Luciano,
                              Alberto Rodríguez, Dr. Gilbert Toro-Ventura, Dr. Lamberto Vera

    1. To contribute to the professional preparation and academic development of the future
        teacher through courses in general, professional, and specialized education.

    2. To highlight the importance of moral and spiritual values in the formation of competent
        and conscientious Christian teachers.

    3. To contribute to the improvement of education at the secondary level through the formation
        of competent professionals and dedicated leaders at that level.

    4. To develop an understanding of the students' duties and responsibilities as future
        educators in the changing, dynamic Puerto Rican society.

    5. To contribute to the development of intellectual curiosity and academic excellence among
        the students registered in the Secondary Education Program.

    6. To contribute to the fulfillment of the philosophy of education and the goals of the College
        of Education.

    7. To encourage secondary education students to be morally good, intellectually capable,
        and socially useful.

The Department of Secondary Education offers two programs: one leading to the Bachelor of
Science in Education and the other offering students in other colleges the courses required by
the Puerto Rico Department of Education for a Teaching Certificate in Secondary Education.

I. BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

This is a four to five-year program designed for the preparation of secondary school teachers.
A minimum of 140 credits are required, depending upon the major. Field of specialization
(30 credits or more in one of the following areas related to the school program): Visual Arts,
Biology, General Sciences, Computers and Instructional Technology, Home Economics,
Business Education, Physical Education, Spanish, Social Studies, Physics, History, English,
Mathematics, Music, Chemistry, School Health, Educational Technology and Multimedia.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION

Required Courses for General Education

                 # May vary depending on concentration.

Required Courses for the College of Education

Required Courses for the Department of Secondary Education

## This number may vary according to the concentration.

This is a post-graduate program designed for students who have earned a bachelor's degree in
another field and who desire to qualify for a regular teaching certificate in a secondary school.
Eligibility for certification in secondary education is attained upon completion of the requisites
of the Department of Education and the specialization required courses.

Students must complete a semester of teaching internship (5 credits) and Internship Seminar
(1 credit). Students interested in attaining the regular teaching certificate in the secondary
school must apply for a personal interview with the Department Director for a complete orientation.

ED. 269 - FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Study and analysis of the principles that govern the role of educational technology in the
education process. Study of the evolution in historical and philosophical terms. Special
attention is given to the resources that comprise technology in education, its characteristics,
potentialities and limitations. These foundations are applied to the diverse learning theories
and to the relevance that changes in paradigms may have in education. Study of the
application of the constructivist method in the educational process and its relationship to
technology in education.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Course specially designed for education students, teachers and administrative school personnel.  Student will be familiarized with the diverse computer applications in teaching and school administration. Themes include: instruction, teaching and administration by computers, program evaluation and the implementation of the use of computers in schools. Also included are the basics of Word, Excel, Power Point, and others.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Introductory course to telecommunications. Study of the utilization of web telecommunications
(Internet, E-Mail, Data Base, Electronic Pages, among others) and their applications to the
education process. Discussion of basic concepts of this technology in terms of its operationa,
technical and instructional functions. Includes laboratory.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Comparison and contrast between second language acquisition and learning of the native
language. Influence of psychological, sociological, and environmental factors in second
language acquisition as related to the four language arts in Spanish and English. Related
research and its educational implications. Analysis of the impact of such content related to
moral and spiritual values as presented through cultural insights. Laboratory experiences
(demonstration classes; class observation; analysis of examples; among others.)

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of current audiovisual and technological-instructional resorces for the enhancement of the
teaching-learning process. Analysis of the problems stated by research results in the educational technology area. Application of the equipment and audiovisual resources and
technological-instructional systems to the teaching of diverse disciplines of the school curricula.

3 conference hours, 15 laboratory hours (practice experiences), 3 credits

Study of the most recent technological strategies such as Learning at Distance, Video Conferences, Telecommunications, E-Mail, Interactive Television, Internet, Web, among others, and their incorporation into the education process. Analysis of recent innovative technologies developed and utilized in Puerto Rican schools and their impact on education. Studies and analyses of research related to technological-instructional projects and the corresponding results in their implementation to the educational milieu. Analysis on how these innovations affect the development of Christian values.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

The course includes the study of the fundamental assessment techniques utilized in the 
teaching-learning process. Emphasis on the relationship between assessment techniques
and the incorporation of new technology in the classroom. Practice in the preparation, use,
correction and administration of evaluation and assessment instruments.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the most relevant aspects in the organization, supervision and administration of computer laboratories. Study and analytic, empirical research of existing programs and their possible adaptation to our education system. Principles and practices to vitilize and renew teaching through the use of computers and other emergent instructional technologies. Highlights the tasks of the teacher as a resource or coordinator of a computer laboratory and other emergent instructional technologies and the approach needed in the development of moral
and Christian competencies.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the definition of productivity programs, conceptualization and characteristics. Study of
the basic structure of the programs that facilitate the teacher's tasks in the classroom. Investigation of different classifications of the available programs to be used in the teaching and school administration process to perform tasks such as: registers, document writing and production, preparation of procedual manuals, preparation of inventories, among others.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Basic philosophical and psychological principles related to programmed instruction. This course gives the student the opportunity of being familiarized with the production of computerized lessons.  Provides basic knowledge for the production of materials that will support the teaching-learning process. Student is equipped with the basic elements needed in the design of instructional units.  Special attention is given to the design of education lessons and modules appropriate to the age level of the students taking into consideration the student needs to meet individualized, pertinent and integrated instruction.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Application of linguistics to the central factors of English phonology, morphology, and syntax.
Analysis of curricular materials utilized for teaching ESL at the elementary and secondary levels.
Includes lesson planning and production of didactic materials. Particular emphasis is given to
educational practices for the teaching of English to non-speakers of the language. Laboratory
experiences and demonstrations.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the nature and process of learning to read in the second language and the psychological influence of the social environment. Theoretical background, reading principles and analysis of reading texts utilized at the elementary and secondary levels. Discussion of related research and its educational implications. Laboratory experiences and demonstrations. Application of teaching techniques to the reading process.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and analysis of the basic principles that govern vocational education. Discussion of different theories, trends, and curricula; and their social function within a Christian society. Updated knowledge on vocational education in a dynamic world. Job opportunities and vocational decisions in accordance with the historical moment.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the techniques for graphic arts that may apply to the teaching of diverse curriculum areas at the public and private school systems. Discussion and experiences of the different engraving techniques that can be used. Use of audiovisual aids to enrich the content of the course.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

ED. 370 - METHODOLOGY IN THE TEACHING OF VISUAL ARTS IN THE ELEMENTARY
                 AND SECONDARY SCHOOL 
                 (Only for students specializing in Visual Art)
Requisites: (46) Ed. 354 and 18 credits in advanced fields of specialization.

Philosophy, functions and projections of the Visual Arts Program. Analysis of the visual arts
teacher functions and the application of pedagogic principles in artistic education at the elementary and secondary levels. Laboratory experiences on the teaching, planning, and demonstrative classes utilizing the areas that comprise this program. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and discussion of the influence of special psychological factors in the study of language with emphasis on oral and written English. Analysis of the principles that govern the teaching of a second language to adolescents and adults. Study of the English curriculum followed in the
secondary schools in Puerto Rico. Laboratory experience and school visits to give greater
significance to the educational theory.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and application of the methodology, techniques and teaching strategies. Emphasis on the planning, modern trends and education materials in the teaching of the Social Studies and History Programs at the secondary level. Analysis of the Social Studies and History Curricula, with special attention to the study of goals, competencies, skills, values, thematic units and innovative projects. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the nature and scope of the scientific method, investigation and the process used in
the teaching of science in the secondary school curriculum in Puerto Rico. Analysis of the
modern methods, techniques, trends, and materials used in the teaching of science. Special
instruction in unit and lesson planning with emphasis on the phrasing of behavioral objectives,
evaluation techniques, preparation and use of audiovisual resources, and use of technical skills
in teaching. Laboratory experience in connection with the content under study. Emphasis on
the Christian teacher's role in teaching science.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the basic principles, trends, and techniques that guide the teaching of Spanish as
the vernacular in the secondary schools. Emphasis on the basic skills required for teaching
the Spanish curriculum in the secondary schools in Puerto Rico. Laboratory experience in
the public schools in Puerto Rico related to the content being studied. The preparation of
daily lesson plans. Use and preparation of audiovisual materials as well as evaluation techniques.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the different methods in the teaching of the Spanish vernacular with special emphasis
on grammar, literary genre, and composition. Preparation of materials in accordance with the
area of specialization. Application performance experiences in daily school planning. Laboratory and observation experiences both inside and outside the classroom.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of curriculum, methods, and materials recommended for teaching physical education on the elementary and secondary levels. Particular attention to moral and spiritual values. Emphasis on the trends, techniques, and principles that guide the teaching of modern physical education.  Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization. Laboratory experiences related to themes under study.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and analysis of the principles and curriculum of the business education program in the
secondary schools. Emphasis on the methods, materials, and skills required to teach business
subjects. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization. Laboratory
experience to enrich and give greater significance to theoretic learning. Emphasis on the
teacher's Christian values.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Experiences leading to the exploration of the functions and responsibilities of the educator in the area of Home economics.

Opportunities to visualize the stages of development of the program as it offers insights for
adaptation to the needs of the clientele to meet an integral education. The student will be
familiarized with the learning process in the classroom, with the methods, techniques, curricular materials and daily planning in accordance with the new pedagogical trends. Preparation of materials in accordance with the are of specialization. Emphasis on the development of Christian values applied to teaching of adolescents as well as adults and/or alumni.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and explanation of the different strategies, methods and techniques that govern teaching in the Puerto Rican school; with special emphasis on the teaching of music. Emphasis on
planning, modern trends and didactic materials for teaching. Analysis of the Curricular Program
in Music of the educational system. Study of the goals, competencies, skills, values, thematic units, and innovative projects. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization.  Performance experiences in school planning. Laboratory and observation experiences within the classroom.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Course designed exclusively for students with a specialization in mathematics. Study of the nature and scope in the process of teaching mathematics in accordance with the curriculum of our modern school system. Preparation of materials in accordance with the are of specialization.  Analysis of the methods, techniques, trends, and materials in the teaching-learning process. Deep analysis and discussion of the pedagogical, spiritual, and moral formation of the Christian teacher.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the nature and scope of the computer in education. Research and the process of teaching the computer in accordance to the Puerto Rican school system curriculum. Analysis of the methods, techniques, and trends in the teaching of computer sciences. Preparation of teaching units and daily lesson plans with emphasis on the writing of operational objectives, evaluation techniques, assessment and technical skills in teaching. Preparation of materials in accordance with the are of specialization. Laboratory and observation experiences. Visits to schools in order to preserve relevance of material under study. Emphasis on the role of the Christian teacher in the school of the new millennium.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the nature and scope of technology in education in accordance with the actual curriculum in the Puerto Rican school system. Analysis of the methods, techniques, media, organization systems and trends that govern the teaching through educational technology. Use of instructional planning and team teaching. Preparation of teaching units and daily lesson plans with emphasis in the writing of behavioral objectives, evaluation techniques, assessment, and technical skills in teaching. Practice and observation experiences. Visits to schools in order to preserve relevance of material under study. Emphasis on the role of the Christian teacher in the new school of the third millennium.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Course designed to promote experiences leading to the exploration of the role, functions and the education preparation to be utilized in the teaching of Home Economics in Special Education.   Opportunity to visualize the program in all its stages of development while it is adapted to the different needs of the exceptional clientele. Opportunity for professional growth. The student will explore and discover the teaching in special education; the student will prepare curricular materials and will work with educational techniques based on the teaching levels and obstacles to be overcome at the different school settings. The course leads to an effective, functional and creative education for exceptional children.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of current audiovisual aids used to enrich the teaching-learning process. Analysis of the
problems posed as a result of research in the field of educational technology. Application of
audiovisual aids and techniques in the teaching of subjects in the school curriculum.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the basic principles, regulations, trends and techniques that govern the teaching of health at the secondary level. Emphasis on the necessary basic skills for the teaching of health in schools in accordance with the curriculum of secondary schools in Puerto Rico. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization. Preparation of lesson plans, utilization of resources, documents and didactic materials. Laboratory experiences and visits to schools to foster material  under study.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

The discussion of situations encountered in the teaching internship experience. Study of the
psychological, philosophical, and sociological principles involved in each situation. Influence
upon student behavior and achievement. Special emphasis upon students' moral and spiritual
values.

1 hour, 1 semester, 1 credit

Study of the most recent changes in teaching. Programs, approaches, methodology, and modern trends in education. Analysis of innovative programs in Puerto Rican schools and their impact on the educational problem in Puerto Rico. Study and analysis of research findings with regard to innovative education. Possibilities of practical application both in Puerto Rico and the United States.  Analysis of how these trends affect the development of Christian values.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study, analysis and interpretation of legislation and jurisprudence regarding teachers, students,
and parents in the public and private educational system in Puerto Rico. Emphasis on the most
recent school legislation pertaining the system of public and private instruction. Special attention to legislation directly or indirectly related to the development of values and possible conflicts that may emerge between state and ecclesiastic laws. Discussion of relevant cases in the United States and other countries.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the definition of educational software, its conceptualization and characteristics. Study
of the basic structure of software, their communication contours, data bases and the algorithm.
Investigation of different classifications of didactic programs, such as tutorial programs, data
bases, simulators, constructors and tool programs, among others. Discussion of diverse
functions of educational software: informative, instructional, motivational, evaluative, investigative, expressive, metalinguistic, lurid and innovative, among others. Emphasis is given to the criteria to be considered while evaluating, selecting and integrating software to teaching.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Course designed to provide students with knowledge on the design and production of education
lessons and instructional modules utilizing the diversity of available media. Provides basic
knowledge for the production of materials that will support the teaching-learning process. Student receives instruction on the necessary basic elements in the design of instructional units. Emphasis on the design of education lessons and modules appropiate to the age level of the students to whom the services are directed. Studenst needs are studied in order to convey and meet individualized, pertinent and integrated education.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the role played by the teacher as a direct counselor of his/her students with emphasis
on the understanding of the observed behavior of elementary and secondary level students.
Study of the basic aspects of the counseling program and its relation to the school, curriculum,
group dynamics and the role of the teacher as a fundamentally Christian counselor.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study and use of the camera with all its new modalities and applications. Photography taking,
development of film, contact tests, enlargements, copies and photographs, among other techniques.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the criteria and procedures that are followed to value and use these resources in terms
of an understanding of communication and the school curricula in Puerto Rico. Use of equipments, sources of programs and information. Study of different guidelines and of diverse practices and investigations performed on the impact of television and radio on the learning process.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Use of film cameras. Selection of themes for filming; objectives; preparation of scenarios,
selection of films; lenses; direction; photography; cuts; editing; assembling; title. Production
of educational films as class project.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the most relevant aspects in the organization, supervision and administration of
laboratories with contemporary technological programs. Study and critic analytical investigation
of existing programs and their possible adaptation to our educational system. Principles and
practices to vitalize and renew teaching through the use of available multimedia. Technical
aspects in the repair and maintenance of equipments. Responsibilities of the teacher as resource and coordinator of a laboratory of educational technology and multimedia are highlighted.   Technological knowledge is framed in the development of moral and Christian competencies.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Analysis and comprehension of the word processing concept, development of production
techniques, equipment currently in use and how to use them in real teaching. Analysis and
application of diverse programs.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Supervised practical teaching experience in a public school in a subject area related to the
student's field of specialization. Students spend three hours every day, five days a week, for
a complete semester in a classroom under the daily supervision of a supervising teacher and 
the periodic supervision of a college supervisor who will be responsible for the evaluation of 
the professional growth of the intern.

15 hours, 1 semester, 5 credits

SCHOOL HEALTH 205 - HEALTH AND PERSONAL CARE

This course offers students a study of the beneficial and harmful factors that affect the human body, specially children and adolescents. Brief study of the antecedents of precursors of health in general and school health as affected by its environment; the health services offered to the school children and the importance of a healthy school environment. Analysis of different life styles and their relationship to individual and collective health. Special attention is given to education problems related to the consumption of products and nutrition taking into consideration different ages and socio-economic levels. Emphasis on the importance of physical conditioning, rest and sleep, and the benefits of the integral development of the human being.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the development and historic evaluation of the curricular model of the School Health
Program of the Department of Education of Puerto Rico. Discussion and analysis of the
fundamental ideas and factors; elements that structure design; objectives; content; organization and revision of the different areas served by the Integral Program of School Health, such as: health services, healthy environments, food services, physical education, counseling services, health promotion for employees, school and community involvement. Study of the model for Health Promotion and its six intervention strategies: health education, school regulations, direct intervention, environmental changes, social market and social support.

3 hours, 15 lab hours, 3 credits

Please refer to the Department of Psychology under the College of Sciences.

Please refer to the Department of Psychology under the College of Sciences.

Study of the basic principles of human development from conception to death. Includes the
main psychological theories from psychoanalytic, behavioristic and humanistic perspectives. 
Study of the physical, intellectual, emotional and social development normal to each stage
of human development: infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood and old age.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the accident causes, at home as well as in school, in addition to the accident prevention measures, including injuries. Study of the course on First Aid offered by the American Red Cross. Emphasis on the importance of the different forms to establish a safe and healthy learning environment.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

The course approaches prevention of diseases and the promotion of health in children and
adolescents. Provides for the acquisition of knowledge on the most common and different
categories of health conditions in Puerto Rico: congenital and hereditary, genetic disorders,
nutritional deficiencies, contagious infections, allergies, metabolic disorders, coordination
problems, abuse and maltreatment. Includes manifestations, prevention and attention and 
the role of counseling in health education. Revision of the teacher-required competencies as well as other related professionals involved in the disease prevention and promotion of health in
children and adolescents.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Emphasis on those concepts that promote the reinforcement and development of a healthy
personality. Analysis of the fundamental themes such as: respect and human dignity, enhancement of self esteem, sexuality, interdependence and desicion making. Study of the most recent findings on use and abuse of alcohol and ilegal drugs, violence in general, and the victims of any kind of violence. Analysis of the findings and their applicability in the promotion and maintenance of an useful and productive personality. Also included are aspects such as: moral-ethical, legal, social and cultural issues. The human being as a person and a social entity. Student is stimulated to design management strategies for the behavioral disturbances studied under a responsible and Christian approach. Discussion of the importance of active participation of parents and team work with other professionals in the therapeutic and education process of the students. Emphasis on the prevention and referal to supportive agencies in the community.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Study of the main mental health problems that affect the Puerto Rican school population. 
Emphasis on the implications of these problems in the integral development of the student 
and in the teaching-learning process. Highlights the teacher's role in the prevention, diagnosis
and treatment of these conditions at the school and community settings.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

The study of the basic principles, guidelines, trends and techniques that govern the teaching of
health at the secondary school. Emphasis on the basic skills required for the teaching of school health in accordance with the curriculum in the secondary schools in Puerto Rico. Preparation of materials in accordance with the area of specialization. Preparation of lesson plans, utilization of resources, documents and materials. Laboratory experiences and visits to schools in order to provide relevant insights of the material under study.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits

Analysis of the concepts of community, environment and ecology. Study of community health
in the historical context. Study of the environmental and ecological dangers, as well as the models and strategies of health promotion and desease prevention. Recommendations are offered in order to foster and promote a better life quality among the students.

3 hours, 1 semester, 3 credits